As the My Plate icon shows, the five food groups are fruits, vegetables, cereals, protein foods and dairy products. The macronutrients or components of food are carbohydrates, proteins and fats. These nutrients are found in large quantities on food tables. Macronutrients play an active role in the formation and growth of the body.
These components also provide the body with the necessary energy and increase body weight. Although water does not produce energy, water is also called the main component of the quantity and importance of water in the body (. In addition to macronutrients, there are two other nutrients in foods called vitamins and minerals. They are called micronutrients because these components are present in small amounts.
Micronutrients are essential for body function and physical well-being. They are required in very small quantities and help control physiological functions and protect the body from various diseases. These nutrients are also called accessory factors (. So, based on the information above, there are six nutrients present in food.
These are carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins, minerals and water. The role of all of these components in human nutrition is discussed below. Carbohydrates are found in both plant and animal sources. Rice, wheat, cereals, millet, legumes, nuts, roots, potatoes, flour, molasses, sugar, sago, grapes, corn, bananas, mangoes, watermelons, vegetables, carrots, oranges, dates, apples, barley, goat's liver, cow and buffalo milk, etc.
They are the sources of carbohydrates (. Depending on the composition, there are three types of carbohydrates. Carbohydrates that are made up of a single molecule are called monosaccharides. For example, glucose, fructose, and galactose are these types of carbohydrates.
Glucose is found in honey, candies, and fruits. Fructose is found in fruits, honey, and tubers. Carbohydrates that are made up of two molecules are called disaccharides. Such as sucrose, lactose and maltose.
Cane sugar, molasses, sugar and date juice contain sucrose, sprouted seeds contain maltose, and milk contains lactose. Carbohydrates that are made up of many molecules are called polysaccharides. For example, starch, glycogen, and cellulose are these types of carbohydrates. Rice, wheat, potatoes, sweet potatoes, etc.
Cellulose is found in fruits, vegetables, fruit peels, and seeds. And glycogen is found in muscles and liver (%26 (. The role of carbohydrates in human nutrition is very important. Carbohydrates are very important molecules in the human body.
Starch is a type of carbohydrate. The lack of carbohydrates in the human body causes various diseases. Like ketosis and marasmus, the disease is often observed in children's bodies. Excessive carbohydrate intake leads to the accumulation of fat in the body.
As a result, there is a risk of weight gain, high blood pressure, diabetes, heart disease, and so on. Proteins are organic compounds that are composed of the elements carbon, hydrogen, oxygen and nitrogen. All plant and animal cells are composed of proteins. Protein analysis revealed multiple amino acids.
Depending on the chemical composition, there are three types of proteins. These are the simple protein, the conjugated protein, and the derivative protein (. Proteins are found in fish, meat, eggs, milk, legumes, soy, beans, wheat, etc. Cereals, millet, potatoes, green vegetables and fruits have very little protein (.
Like carbohydrates, fats are made up of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen. However, their structure and proportions are different. Fats are digested and converted to fatty acids and glycerol. Fat does not mix with water and therefore floats in water.
Fatty acids and glycerol are excreted through the small intestine. According to structural properties, there are three types of fats, simple fats, composite fats and derived fats (%26 (. Fats are found in meat fat, butter, ghee, whole milk, ice cream, nuts, oil, red meat, cheese, coconut oil, palm oil, cream, mustard oil, oil, oilseeds, etc. Vitamins are those special organic nutrients that help the body to grow normally and increase immunity.
There are two types of vitamins: water-soluble vitamins (vitamin B, C and P complex) and fat-soluble vitamins (vitamins A, D, E and K). The sources of all these vitamins and their function are described below (. Cod and halibut liver oil, fish, egg, whole milk, carrot, butter, ghee, vegetable oil, rice, flour, yellow squash, mango, tomato, papaya, cabbage, green vegetables and leaves, nuts, peas, spinach, lemon, cauliflower, etc. Minerals are an important component of food.
Several minerals are needed to keep the body healthy. There are about 24 types of minerals in the body. Some of these are important in nutrition. Minerals important to the body are calcium, sodium, iron, phosphorus, iodine, potassium, and chlorine.
Adequate amounts of minerals are required in the daily diet. Especially the presence of calcium, iron and iodine in the diet (%26 (. Milk, fish, meat, vegetables, eggs, legumes, nuts, cereals, liver, cod liver oil, seaweed, table salt, cheese, fish liver oil, etc. The function of minerals in the human body is essential.
Water is an essential and important component of food. Body structure and internal function cannot exist without water. Around 60 to 70% of body weight is water. The human body needs water for the formation of all organs, such as blood, flesh, nerves, teeth, bones, etc.
The role or function of water in the human body is, first of all, the importance of water in the human body is immense. Therefore, a lack of water causes various diseases in the body. Dehydration can occur in many ways in the body. Water is constantly excreted from the human body along with sweat and urine.
In addition, water is excreted from the body through diarrhea, vomiting, etc. As a result, blood volume decreases, the tongue dries out and the skin wrinkles. Above all, low water intake also causes kidney problems (. The role of water in human nutrition.
Food is any substance consumed by an organism as nutritional support. Foods are usually of plant, animal or fungal origin and contain essential nutrients, such as carbohydrates, fats, proteins, vitamins or minerals. The substance is ingested by an organism and assimilated by the body's cells to provide energy, maintain life, or stimulate growth. Different species of animals have different dietary behaviors that meet the needs of their unique metabolism, which often evolve to cover a specific ecological niche within specific geographical contexts.
Regardless of the product, packaging and transportation are always required to bring it to consumers. Therefore, infrastructure is a very important factor. If a facility is located in a remote rural area that can only be accessed by narrow roads, transportation costs will be high and the business is unlikely to be profitable. What are the main components of foods is the main topic of the discussion below, with their names and their effectiveness in human nutrition (.
Food contains nutrients, substances essential for the growth, repair and maintenance of body tissues and for the regulation of vital processes. It has established subsidies and state-run facilities for workers in the prepared food industry, promotes foreign investment, and labor costs remain low. .
